Sehv Prostration
Sehv Prostration word in the dictionary “one of the pillars of prayer” in the meaning of “prostration” with the word “mistake, forget, absent-mindedness” meaning like “sahw” consists of the word As a term Prostration of Sehw (sajdetu’s-sahv) It refers to the two prostrations performed to make up for certain deficiencies, excesses or mistakes in the prayer. Sehiv prostration in hadiths and fiqh works “sucudü’s-sehv” or “secdeta es-sahv” forms as well. Although it is the main factor for a person to show the utmost care and diligence in fulfilling the requirements of the prayer, the Prophet stated that some mistakes or deficiencies that occur during prayer as a natural result of being human can be compensated by performing the prostration of sajdah. And our Prophet showed exemplary practices to his Companions in this regard. There are differences in the articles that specify the verdict of certain actions in the prayer, especially between the Hanafi sect and the other three madhhabs, and there are differences in the way the madhhabs examine and deal with the prostration of sajdah as there are differences of opinion in the evaluation of the evidence regarding these actions and the prostration of sajdah.
According to Denominations Conditions Requiring the Sajdah of Sehiv
Sehv ProstrationWe can summarize the situations that lead to this according to the sects as follows:
one.Prostration of Sehiv According to the Hanafi Sect
1.1. To repeat one of the rukns:
It’s like performing more than one ruku’ or more than two prostrations.
one.2. To put forward or delay one of the pillars.
For example, if it is remembered that one can go into ruku without performing the ruku of recitation while in ruku, he goes back to ruku after the recitation is completed, and in this case, prostration of sajdah is performed. Also, taking a break for a period of hesitation or thinking to perform a rukn, that is, delaying the next rukn for such a long time, requires the sajdah of sahw.
one.3. To have hesitation in the number of rak’ahs performed.
According to the prevailing opinion (zann-i victorious) of a person who encounters this situation from time to time, he completes the rest of the prayer on the basis of the minimum amount that he knows for sure, and performs the sajdah of sajdah in both cases.
A person who encounters such a situation for the first time or very rarely performs his prayer again.
According to an opinion in the Maliki and Shafi’i sects and the Hanbali sect, according to the hadith on the subject, “regardless of whether it occurs for the first time or not”, he completes the missing part on the basis of the part he remembers, and then makes the sajdah asah (Bukhari, Ṣalat, 31; Muslim, Mesacid, 89). .
According to another view in the Hanbali madhhab, the person who leads the prayer as an imam takes his/her opinion as the basis, while the person who performs the prayer individually has to act according to certain knowledge.
one.4. To stand up by mistake when he should have saluted
If the person realizes this situation while performing the prayer, he sits down immediately and makes the sajdah after saluting if he has not reached the prostration yet.
If such a situation occurs while praying in congregation, the congregation does not follow the imam and does not stand up with the imam. If the imam sits down before he reaches the prostration, he greets with the congregation and makes the sajdah prostration.
one.5. Abandoning Wajib
for example Al-Fatiha Failing to fulfill the duty of zamm-i surah (reading a little from the Qur’an) after Fatiha or Fatiha, not reciting the Ettahiyyatu prayer in the first and second sittings, and performing ruku and prostration without obeying the rule requires making sajdah.
2nd.Sehiv Prostration According to the Maliki Sect
2nd.1. Abandoning one of the muakkad sunnats of the prayer or at least two of the non-muakkad sunnahs
- Muekked Sunnahs (On the Sunnah) To read at least one verse after Surah Fatiha,
- Where it should be read clearly,
- Reading secretly where it should be read secretly,
- Takbirs taken while bowing and getting up for ruku and prostration (inherited takbirs) say,
- While getting up from ruku “semiallahu li-men hamideh” means,
- Reading the Ettahiyyatu prayer in the first and second sittings and tashahhud to sit for.
2nd.2. To add an action that is so small that it does not invalidate the prayer, whether it is included in the nature of the prayer or not.
For example, it is necessary to perform the sajdah of sahw in cases such as performing an extra rukn such as prostration and ruku, adding to the number of rak’ahs, eating very little, talking very little.
2nd.3. Hesitating about how many rak’ahs he prays
According to an opinion in the Maliki and Shafii sects and the Hanbali sect, according to the hadith on the subject, he completes the missing part based on the part he clearly remembers, “regardless of whether it occurs for the first time or not”, and then performs the sajdah of sajdah.
3.Prostration of Sehiv According to Shafi’i Sect
3.1. To abandon one of the muakkad sunnats of the prayer.
Muekked sunnahs;
- first sitting,
- To read the Ettahiyyatü prayer in the first sitting,
- Qunut to do (obedience, awe, worship, standing),
- Standing for Kunut,
- It is to say salawat on the Prophet and his family at the end of the qunut, and on the Prophet after tashahhud.
3.2. Hesitating about how many rak’ahs he prays
According to an opinion in the Maliki and Shafii sects and the Hanbali sect, according to the hadith on the subject, he completes the missing part based on the part he clearly remembers, “regardless of whether it occurs for the first time or not”, and then performs the sajdah of sajdah.
3.3. To do something that invalidates the prayer when it is done deliberately, by mistake.
- Extending short rukns too long,
- Talking too little
- Eating very little
- It’s like doing one more rakat.
3.4. Changing the place of a verbal ruku
- Surah Fatiha to repeat the whole or part of the surah in the sitting of tashahhud,
- It is like fulfilling the duty of Zamm-i Surah after the Fatiha Surah in a rukn other than standing.
3.5. Hesitating whether or not to do one of the sunnahs such as qunut, tashahhud.
4.Sehiv Prostration According to the Hanbali Sect
4.1. Lack of certain points in prayer
4.2. The presence of certain excesses in prayer.
4.3. Hesitating on whether or not some actions that are necessary for prayer are done.
The approach of the Hanbali sect to the sajda as-sahw is very close to the Shafi’i sect.
What is the Ruling of the Sehiv Prostration?
When the above-mentioned reasons exist sajdah prostration According to the Hanafi school, it is wajib. According to Shafi’i and Maliki sects, it is sunnah. However, some Malikis are of the opinion that it is obligatory to make the sajdah of sahw in cases of lack of prayer. In the Hanbali madhhab, on the other hand, while the opinion that the sajdah of sajdah is obligatory is predominant, there are also opinions that it is sunnah and in some cases it is permissible.
In the Hanafi sect, it is permissible and even acceptable to abandon this prostration in the event that the congregation is very crowded during Friday and Eid prayers and it is likely to cause confusion. If there are more than one situation that requires the sajdah of sajdah in a prayer, it is sufficient to do sajdah of sajdah once for all of them.
The Place of the Sehiv Prostration in Prayer
According to the Hanafi school, the Sehiv prostration is done after the salutation, while according to the Shafi’i school, it is done before the salutation. In the Maliki madhhab, the prostration of sajdah is performed before the salutation if it is due to a deficiency in the prayer, after the salaam due to the excess in the prayer, and before the salutation if it is due to both deficiency and excess. According to the Hanbali school, it can be done before or after the salutation.
Performing the Sehiv Prostration According to the Hanafi Sect
In the sitting at the end of the prayer, after the prayers Ettahiyyatu and Allahumma Salli-Allahümme Barik are read, salutations are given to both sides, then two prostrations are performed one after the other as it is known, the prayer Ettahiyyatu is recited after sitting down, and then the prayer is exited by saluting both sides.
There are also opinions about making the sajdah immediately after saluting on the right side and reading the prayers of Allahumma Salli-Allahumma Barik in the sitting after the sajdah. However, this second application was found to be more suitable for the imam, especially in congregational prayers.
If the imam makes a mistake in the congregational prayer, which requires the sajdah of sajdah, the congregation performs these prostrations along with him. The sajdah as-sahw is not necessary because of the mistakes made by the imam. A person who follows the imam after the first rak’ah mesbuk Regardless of which rak’ah he has reached, he performs the sajdah as-sahw with the imam.
It doesn’t matter whether the masbuq followed him or not when the imam made the mistake that required the sajdah of sajdah. If the masbuk makes a mistake that requires the sajdah as-sahw while performing the missed rakats alone, the masbuk must also perform these prostrations.
Greetings and prayers dear friends…
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